*2014년 4월 14일 게시
제5회 브라질 투자유치전략 워크샵
행사개요
1. 행사명: 5th Training Workshop on Investment Attraction
2. 개최기간: 2014년 4월 2일 (수) ~ 4일 (금)
3. 개최장소: 브라질, 헤시피 시, Auditorium of Northeast Bank of Brazil
4. 주최기관: Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC) of Brazil, Government of Pernamuco State (Department of Economic Development), Agency for Economic Development of Pernambuco
5. 후원기관: United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Northeast Bank of Brazil, Brazilian Agency for Promotion of Export and Investment (APEX-Brazil)
6. 개최목적: 브라질 상공부는 한국과 같은 해외 선진국들의 과거 투자유치 경험과 노하우를 공유하고 향후 브라질의 투자유치 전략 수립 방안에 관하여 논의할 수 있는 장을 마련하기 위하여 동 워크샵을 개최되었습니다.
7. 유엔산업개발기구 ("유니도") 서울투자진흥사무소는 브라질 상공부의 초청을 받아 한국의 발전경험과 "포괄적이고 지속 가능한 산업발전"이라는 유니도가 채택한 새로운 비전을 설명하고 유니도 서울투자진흥사무소를 통한 한국과 중남미 지역 국가들 간의 산업협력 가능성을 제시하였습니다. 특히, 바이오가스 생산과 같은 한국의 녹색기술을 전수하여 브라질이 유니도의 비전에 부합되는 산업발전을 지향하는 데에 기여하고자 하는 의지를 표명하였습니다.
8. 연설문 내용
INTRODUCTION
First of all, I would like to thank the Brazilian Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade for inviting me to this workshop to share the Korean experience of investment attraction.
As many of you already know, Korea is considered as role model by many developing countries for its remarkable economic, social and political advancement since the end of the Korean War in 1953.
In the late 1950’s after the war, the per capita income of Korea was less than 100 USD. Now, it has increased to 31,950 as of 2012. This shows indeed a glimpse of the country’s remarkable achievement.
Korea also ranked 25th overall in the Global Competitiveness Index 2013-2014. In terms of macroeconomic development and infrastructure, it ranked 9th and 11th in the world, respectively.
Korea is also the only country which was previously an aid recipient country and now has become a donor country in OECD.
UNIDO is indeed a very suitable partner for Korea as it is an effective and efficient channel for developing countries to seek Korean investment, technology and knowledge in order to learn about the Korean development model.
In this connection, the role of UNIDO ITPO Korea is an important one.
Established in 1987 between UNIDO and the Korean Government, the office is given its mandate to promote Korean investment and technology transfer into developing countries so that they can learn from Korea and build their own capacity for economic development.
MAIN BODY
ITPO Korea and UNIDO’s mandate for inclusive and sustainable industrial development
To achieve its mandate for promoting investment and technology transfer from Korea to developing countries, it performs various types of activities in Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean.
Among these is to organize an investment mission to identify potentials for Korea investment in the target country. In the second half of this year, also, ITPO Korea is planning to mobilize a green investment delegation to LAC countries to promote Korean investment activity.
The office also initiates and implements pilot projects where Korean investors build a small-scale plant using biogas. It also invites officials in investment promotion agencies to Korea to arrange business meetings with potential Korean partners for them.
In terms of the substance, ITPO Korea is committed to align its activities with the mandates of the UNIDO as a whole.
UNIDO has three important mandates under the overarching mandate of “inclusive and sustainable industrial development”.
First is poverty-reduction through productive activities, for example, increasing youth employment and job quality. Second is trade capacity-building in order to help manufacture and export goods and services. Third is to efficient energy use and environment protection.
While I believe that all of these mandates are equally important, ITPO Korea has come up with a strategy to focus on energy and environment, especially, renewable energy, in order to produce maximum output for the limited resources of the office.
UNIDO has its unique approach to energy and environment issues in that it promotes both “green industry” and “greening of industry”.
For promotion of green industries, UNIDO facilitates adoption of environmentally sound technologies in green industries such as pulp and paper, textile, food processing, seafood processing, metal fishing and ecotourism.
UNIDO also implements the e-waste programme to foster the development of an environmentally sound e-waste recycling industry in developing countries.
For greening of industry, UNIDO implements projects not only to address pollution but also transfers the technology to mitigate it.
For instance, it runs the global mercury programme to improve the health and environment of artisanal gold mining communities by reducing mercury emissions.
ITPO Korea also strongly supports this approach of UNIDO to green industrialization.
For instance, currently, the office is going to initiate a pilot project in Mozambique to mobilize Korean investment to build a biogas plant to utilize the local municipal waste. The important part will be to transfer the technology and knowhow for the local people to operate and maintain the plant. This would not only contribute to solving the waste treatment issue but also produce social benefits such as generation of employment and capacity-building to run biogas plants.
ITPO Korea and LAC countries
In Latin America and the Caribbean, ITPO Korea is also actively making its effort to engage with the countries. For example, since 2012, the office has previously assisted the Colombian government to find out the possibility of trilateral cooperation among Korea, Colombia and UNIDO in technology transfer in automotive parts manufacturing.
In 2013 October I also had the opportunity to meet in person with the president of Brazil Support Agency for Micro and Small Companies (SEBRAE), Mr. Luiz Eduardo Barretto Filho, who visited Korea. We discussed the possibility of cooperation in transferring Korea’s experience of SME development to Brazil.
The key plan of ITPO Korea for future cooperation with LAC countries, as I mentioned earlier, is to promote industrial cooperation in the “green” sectors.
I believe that Korea’s achievement of its industrialization comes from both its technology and political leadership to de-couple industrial development and environmental pollution.
After the rapid industrialization through the 1960s, 70s and 80s, Korea had to tackle the issue of industrial pollution and develop technologies for “green growth”.
Especially, in 2005, the concept of “green growth’ was firstly adopted by Korean government at the Ministerial Conference on Environment and Development, co-hosted by the Korean Ministry of Environment and UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP).
"Green growth” means the harmony of economic growth and environment protection.
In 2009, Korea announced its “low-carbon, green-growth” strategy as a key long-term national development strategy. The key target was to reduce the level of carbon-dioxide emissions, estimated in 2005, by 4% by 2020.
This strategy included a Green New Deal which is a fiscal stimulus package, around 38.1 billion USD, for more efficient use of resources such as renewable energies, low-carbon vehicles, energy-efficient buildings and fresh water.
It also set up a five-year plan for green growth from 2009 to 2013 that 2% of GDP be spent in the form of investment in green sectors such as renewable energies, clean production technologies, energy-efficient manufacturing, aiming for increased jobs and reducing greenhouse gases.
I believe that there is a great potential that LAC countries learn from this experience of Korea in order to seek green development.
In 2013, ITPO Korea conducted Domestic Survey. The objectives were two fold. First, it aimed to find out the trends of needs and unmet needs of current Korean investor companies in LAC countries.
“Needs” means those factors which the company responded “relatively more important”. And, “unmet needs” are those factors being relatively more important but poorly evaluated by the companies.
So, on the slide, even though companies said that human resources and raw materials are important factors of investment into LAC countries, the strategic areas for attracting more Korean investment are shown by the “unmet needs”.
These include factors, like skilled labor, competency in communication in Korean/English, security and safety, macroeconomic stability, law enforcement, infrastructure for industrial activity.
From these, the following policy implications may be drawn.
First, the presence of educated, skilled and English-/Korean-speaking human resources will play a key role in attracting Korean investment into LAC countries.
“Skills” may divide into two types:
1) Industrial technologies to engage in Korean companies’ manufacturing activity in LAC countries
2) Knowledge of young entrepreneurship or services related to investment activity of Korean companies, e.g. logistics, local supply chain management, banks, business match-making agency, translating shipment documents for imports and exports
Second, more efforts, at the institutional level, may be needed to reduce the indirect transaction costs of FDI of Korean companies by more focusing on ways to improve on security, safety and law enforcement.
Third, more efforts to build economic infrastructure to facilitate Korean FDI but, at the same time, there should be well managed information channels (embassies, offices of investment promotion agencies overseas) to promote such efforts and developments among potential Korean investors into LAC countries
Lastly, regarding the survey, it is important to note that, in this survey, the respondent companies chose “business opportunities” to be a key strength of LAC countries. This also may imply that “promotion” of investment opportunities is still an important strategy for the countries to attract investment from Korea.
In the second half of 2014, ITPO Korea plans to co-organize with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Korea a green investment delegation. In this delegation, ITPO Korea expects that government ministries, companies and associations, like Korea New and Renewable Energy Association (KNREA), will participate and identify potentials for investment and technology transfer in green fields.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, ITPO Korea is a facilitator of technology transfer and investment from Korea to developing countries. And, currently, it is focusing on transferring Korea’s green technologies and investment.
I hope that, through this workshop, UNIDO ITPO Korea can further pursue possibilities of cooperation with local partner institutions here in Brazil as well as other LAC countries.
In the future, it is my sincere hope that the LAC region will have a regional investment and technology promotion office (ITPO) for taking a similar role to Korea inspiring many developing countries about its own development experience.
Brazil would be an excellent candidate country to take the role of hosting the office for the region.
Thank you!
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